YourVoice.Now 摘要
企业利益对普通家庭的影响透明度与问责制使用中国精炼钴制造的商品将被推定为强迫劳动产品并遭边境拦截——电动车和电子产品也在其中。
企业利益
- 进口商举证责任 — 须以清楚且令人信服的证据反驳钴产地推定
对普通家庭的影响
- 对电池原料的进口限制 — 适用于含中国精炼钴的商品
透明度与问责制
- 报告要求 — 海关须在30天内公开每项例外背后的证据
- 报告要求 — 专责小组须列出中国钴精炼企业和美国进口商名单
- 报告要求 — 就执法情况向国会提供季度简报
- 联邦采购认证 — 总统须认证联邦车辆不含强迫劳动零部件
- 联邦采购认证 — 国防部车辆被豁免
- 执法战略期限 — 8年后失效,或经总统认定后提前失效
详细内容
含有在中国精炼的钴的商品将被推定为使用强迫劳动或童工制造,并被禁止进入美国。钴是电动汽车、手机和笔记本电脑所用锂离子电池的关键原料。进口商仍可通过提供清楚且令人信服的证据,证明所用钴并非在中国精炼,从而将货物放行入境。海关须在30天内公开每项例外背后的证据。该进口规则将在本法案颁布180天后生效。 一个联邦专责小组须在120天内提出执法战略,列出中国钴精炼企业、美国进口商,以及由中国企业拥有或投资的刚果矿场名单,并向国会提供季度简报。每年,总统须认证联邦采购车辆不含在刚果或新疆使用童工或强迫劳动制造的零部件,国防部车辆除外。该战略条款在8年后失效,若总统提前认证刚果矿场的童工和强迫劳动问题已经结束,则可提前失效。
国会摘要
China’s Odious and Brutally Atrocious Labor Trafficking Supply Chain Act or the COBALT Supply Chain Act This bill prohibits the importation of covered goods that contain cobalt refined in China under the presumption that the goods are made wholly or in part with forced labor or child labor. It also establishes certain reporting requirements, and requires presidential certification that federal vehicle purchases are free of parts made or mined with child labor or forced labor in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) or the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR). Specifically, covered goods shall not be entitled to entry into the United States unless U.S. Customs and Border Protection (1) determines that the importer of record has demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence that the goods do not contain cobalt refined in China, and (2) submits to Congress a report containing such a determination (and makes this report publicly available). The Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force must (1) report to Congress a strategy for preventing the importation of covered goods, and (2) provide quarterly briefings to Congress. The President must annually certify to Congress whether all vehicles purchased in the prior year by the U.S. government are completely free of parts made or mined wholly or in part with child labor or forced labor in the DRC or the XUAR. This certification must be published in the Federal Register and shall not apply with respect to vehicles purchased in the prior year by the Department of Defense.
详细信息
- 国会届次
- 119th
- 议院
- 状态
- 已总结
- 行动
- 提交众议院
- 行动日期
- 2025-03-24
- 添加日期
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