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HR-7599House2026-02-17Crime and Law Enforcement

Federal Extreme Risk Protection Order Act of 2026

YourVoice.Now Summary

Gun LawsCivil LibertiesCriminal Justice & Due ProcessTransparency & AccountabilityYour Money

Would let families and police ask a judge to take a person's guns for up to 180 days.

Gun Laws

Guns returned when the order ends — after a background check

When an order ends or is dropped, marshals would check whether the person may legally own guns again. If the check clears, the court would order the guns, ammunition, and permits given back.

Federal judges could bar gun ownership — up to 180 days

A new federal court order would stop a person from buying, owning, or receiving guns and ammunition. A judge could grant it for up to 180 days, and renew it after another hearing.

Guns, ammunition, and permits surrendered immediately — or within 48 hours

The order would require handing over all guns, ammunition, and gun permits, including a concealed carry permit, to U.S. marshals. If an officer cannot collect them in person, the person has 48 hours to turn them in.

State red-flag orders — would trigger a federal gun ban

Anyone under a state or tribal red-flag order would be added to the federal list of people barred from having guns. Selling a gun to that person would also become a federal crime.

Orders honored in every state — not just the issuing one

A red-flag order from one state's court would have to be enforced by courts and police in every other state and tribal area. Today an order can lose its force once someone crosses a state line.

Grants to states with red-flag laws — 25–70% for police training

The Justice Department would give money to states, tribes, cities, and other groups that pass red-flag laws meeting federal standards. Each grant must spend at least 25 percent and no more than 70 percent on training police.

States without red-flag laws — lower priority for police grants through 2030

From 2026 through 2030, the Attorney General would favor places with red-flag laws when handing out any community policing grant. States without such a law could lose out on police money unrelated to guns.

Civil Liberties

Hearing within 72 hours — with notice and a chance to speak

A hearing on a longer order would have to happen within 72 hours after the first order is served. The person would get written notice and could bring their own lawyer.

Free lawyer at the hearing — for those who cannot pay

If the person cannot afford a lawyer, the court would have to provide one for the hearing, as far as it is able. That is not usually offered in civil cases.

Strong proof required for long orders — not just suspicion

To extend an order to 180 days, the person who filed must prove the danger by clear and convincing evidence. That is a higher bar than the usual standard in civil cases.

Order can issue the same day — before the person is heard

A judge would have to rule on a first request the same day it is filed, without hearing from the person named. That first order can last up to 14 days.

Names in national crime databases — while the order lasts

Courts and police could list people under red-flag orders in national crime databases that officers search. The records would have to be destroyed once the order expires or is dropped.

Mental health agencies notified — within two court days

Within two court days of issuing or ending an order, the court would notify state mental health agencies, police, and the Attorney General. The background check system would be updated within five days.

Criminal Justice & Due Process

New crime for false petitions — up to five years in prison

Knowingly filing false information, or a petition with no basis, would carry a fine up to $5,000, prison up to five years, or both. Judges could set the penalty to deter misuse.

Surrendered guns lost for good — for knowingly breaking the order

If someone knowingly tries to reach guns, ammunition, or permits they surrendered, those items could be seized and kept permanently. This uses the same forfeiture rules as other federal gun crimes.

Transparency & Accountability

Yearly report on every order — including guns removed and denials

The federal courts would report to Congress each year on orders filed, granted, and denied, who asked for them, and how many guns were taken. It would be the first national count of red-flag orders.

Written receipt for items taken — filed with the court

Officers taking guns would have to hand the person a receipt listing everything collected. The original goes to the court within 72 hours, creating a record of what was taken.

Your Money

No court fees — to file or answer a red-flag petition

Courts and police could not charge any fee to file, serve, or respond to a red-flag petition. That covers the person who files and the person named in the order.

More about this bill

A federal judge could order a person to give up their guns for up to 180 days. A family member, someone who lives with them, or a police officer could ask for that order. They would have to show the person is a risk of hurting themselves or someone else. A judge could grant a first order the same day, without the person there. That first order would last up to 14 days. A full hearing would follow within 72 hours. At that hearing the person would get notice, a chance to speak, and a free lawyer if they cannot pay. The judge would need strong proof to extend the order to 180 days. Orders could be renewed after another hearing. Guns, ammunition, and gun permits would go to U.S. marshals or a local officer. The handover would happen right away when the order is served. If that is not possible, the person would have 48 hours. Selling the guns to a licensed dealer would be an option instead. A written receipt would list every item taken. When the order ends, marshals would run a background check. If the person can legally own guns again, the court would order the items returned. Trying to get the guns back while the order stands could mean losing them for good. Filing a knowingly false or baseless petition could bring a $5,000 fine and up to five years in prison. A red-flag order from any state or tribal court would also count as a federal gun ban. Orders would be honored in every state, not just the one that issued them. Courts would tell the Attorney General, local police, and state mental health agencies within two court days. Names would go into national crime databases. Those records would have to be erased when the order ends. The Justice Department would fund states, tribes, and cities that pass their own red-flag laws. From 25 to 70 percent of each grant would pay for police training. Through 2030, states without such a law would rank lower for other police grants. Courts could not charge either side a fee. Nothing would take effect until 180 days after the bill became law.

Congressional Summary

Federal Extreme Risk Protection Order Act of 2026This bill authorizes and establishes procedures for federal courts to issue federal extreme risk protection orders. Additionally, the bill establishes grants to support the implementation of extreme risk protection order laws at the state and local levels, extends federal firearms restrictions to individuals who are subject to extreme risk protection orders, and expands related data collection.Extreme risk protection order laws, or red flag laws, generally allow certain individuals (e.g., law enforcement officers or family members) to petition a court for a temporary order that prohibits an at-risk individual from purchasing and possessing firearms.Among its provisions, the billauthorizes a family or household member, or a law enforcement officer, to petition for a federal extreme risk protection order with respect to an individual who poses a risk to themselves or others;directs the Department of Justice to establish a grant program to help states, local governments, Indian tribes, and other entities implement extreme risk protection order laws;extends federal restrictions on the receipt, possession, shipment, and transportation of firearms and ammunition to individuals who are subject to extreme risk protection orders; andrequires the Federal Bureau of Investigation to compile records from federal, tribal, and state courts and other agencies that identify individuals who are subject to extreme risk protection orders.

Details

Congress
119th
Chamber
House
Status
summarized
Action
Introduced in House
Action Date
2026-02-17
Date Added
2026-05-29
Source
Congress.gov →

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