Under current law, you only need a background check when buying a gun from a licensed dealer — but private sales between individuals (including many online and gun show transactions) can happen without one. This bill would close that gap by requiring virtually all firearm transfers to go through a licensed dealer who runs a background check first. There are exceptions for transfers between close family members, temporary loans for hunting or at a shooting range, gifts between spouses, and emergencies involving imminent danger. It takes effect 180 days after passage.
Congressional Summary
Background Check Expansion ActThis bill establishes new background check requirements for firearm transfers between private parties (i.e., unlicensed individuals).Specifically, it prohibits a firearm transfer between private parties unless a licensed gun dealer, manufacturer, or importer first takes possession of the firearm to conduct a background check.The prohibition does not apply to certain firearm transfers, such as a gift between spouses.
Details
- Congress
- 119th
- Chamber
- Status
- summarized
- Action
- Action Date
- Date Added
- 2026-04-02